The remaining 10% are from water moccasins.Įlapidae Snakes A rattlesnake skull, showing the long fangs used to inject venom Rattlesnakes account for 65% of Viperidae bites copperheads are responsible for 25%. The caudal end of the snake has a single row plates or scales, as opposed to the double row of scaled found on non-venomous varieties. The fangs are connected to venom sacs that inject venom. Viperidae snakes, also known as pit vipers, are identified by their heat-sensing pit organs, fangs, triangular head, and elliptical pupils.
The true incidence may be much higher since they may not be seen in the emergency department and thus are not reported to the poison control center.
It is important to note that 25% of crotaline bites do not impart venom these are known as “dry” bites, defined as bites that do not result in local tissue damage, hematological abnormalities, or regional lymph node pain. This is because Elapidae venom apparatus is not as efficient for venom delivery and the species mouth is much smaller. The remaining 1% result from coral snakes and exotic species. Viperidae snakes account for 99% of venomous snakebites in the United States. Adult patients typically present with upper extremity injuries and children typically present with lower extremity injuries. Children, intoxicated persons, snake handlers and collectors are frequent victims. Most bites involve the extremities, but can occur to the face or tongue when the snake is held close to the body. The majority of bites occur between May and October as most snakes hibernate in the winter. Venomous snakes are found throughout the Unites States except in Maine, Alaska, and Hawaii. The main types of venous snakes in the United States include the Viperidae (Crotalid, pit viper) and Epalidae (coral snake species). Understand the key treatment principles of Viperidae and Elapidae snakebites.Recognize the clinical presentation of Viperidae and Elapidae snakebites in the U.S.Upon completing this module, you should be able to: SAEMF/CDEM Innovations in Undergraduate Emergency Medicine Education GrantĬareer Development and Mentorship CommitteeĬommunications and Social Media CommitteeĪuthor: Jessica Slim, MD, MPH, PGY3 in Emergency Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center Presidential Address: Where Do We Go From Here?ĮMF/SAEMF Medical Student Research Training Grant Virtual Rotation and Educational ResourcesĬommittee Update: NBME EM Advanced Clinical Examination Task Force Visit us on Twitter LinkedIn Facebook YouTubeĮffective Consultation in Emergency Medicine Video
0 kommentar(er)
